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John Werner is the founder of Ideas in Action, Inc. (IIA) and the Head of Innovation and New Ventures for the Camera Culture Group at the MIT Media Lab〔Epstein, Barbara. ("John Werner Heads To MIT Media Lab" ), ''LOEBlog'', 19 August 2013〕 for Ramesh Raskar, director of the Camera Culture Group at MIT Media Lab. He is one of the founding members of the non-profit organization Citizen Schools (founded in 1995)〔Moser, Kate. ("Early Visits Lure Poor Into College" ), ''The Christian Science Monitor'', 8 March 2006〕 and the curator of TEDxBeaconStreet,〔Clark, Dorie. ("Is This The Future Of TED?" ), ''Forbes.com'', 30 April 2014〕 an independent event licensed by TED as part of TEDx. ==Early life and education== Werner was born in 1970 in New York City. His father is the chief clerk of the Supreme Court in New York County, and his mother is the Assistant Attorney General in New York State.〔("Model Citizen" ), ''Boldfacers'', 3 April 2012〕 His brother, Jeffrey Werner is the Finance Director for the Office of Management and Budget for the City of NYC. His sister Margaret DeVoe is a Senior Counsel at New York City Law Department. Werner attended high school at the Trinity School NYC where he was a multi-year Varsity Letter earner for Cross Country, Swimming (Co-Captain) and Lacrosse. He was awarded the Holden Cup, the honor for top athlete in the Senior Class at Trinity. Werner received a degree from Hamilton College (New York) in 1992.〔Villa, Antonia. ("Alumni News & Notes" ), ''Hamilton.edu'', 11 August 2011〕 He also co-organized the Hamilton's successful campaign to set a Guinness record for the most people swimming in a 24-hour relay, setting the record at 1:42 AM on April 8, 1989. In 1988, Werner gained notability at Hamilton when, as a first-year student, he organized the first ever successful completion of a class-wide challenge issued yearly by Dan Chambliss, Professor of Sociology: If no one in his course showed up for the final exam, all of them would receive an A on it. But, if even one student took it, anyone who didn’t would receive a zero. In an age when instant mass communication was limited, "It was a classic exercise in game theory because of the near-impossibility of pulling it off," said Chambliss. "The downside, the risk, is enormous." The challenge was analogous to the popular Prisoner's dilemma, a thought experiment found in game theory relating to the conflict between cooperative and selfish instincts. "While it was in everyone’s vested interest not to take the exam, the fear (someone would take it ) was overwhelming." "I thought (class meeting the challenge ) was incredibly unlikely," Chambliss said. "And I think the only reason that it happened was that () was totally committed to making it happen." 〔(Budryk, Zach )〕 After obtaining a roster for both sections of the course from the Registrar, Werner created a "contract" for students to sign. On the day of the exam, December 17, Werner said he showed up "ready to tackle anyone who tried to go in." Seven students waited outside the testing room, hedging their bets in case anyone broke ranks, but none did. All students in Sociology 101 received A's on their final exams that year. This was a defining experience for Werner; "After I organized this, I began to believe I could organize anything,".〔(Challenger, Donald )〕 Professor Chambliss did not offer the challenge again. In 2008, Werner was recipient of the Loeb Fellowship at the Harvard Graduate School of Design in recognition of his efforts in improving the prospects of low-income, minority middle school children at high risk of failure due to inadequate familial, financial and societal support. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「John Werner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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